Nanjing Massacre
Kill
those who offended us, however far they are
Blood
debt should be paid back however
long it has been
Do you know Nanjing Massacre ? Have you ever seen bones of the dead in the myriad tunnels? They are our predecessors who suffered a lot! And most of them were defenceless civilians! Japan, why should I forgive you? You must pay back the blood debt you owe our Chinese People! Here ,we record our tragedies and fix our abasement. We use historical materials to show the irrefutable evidence that our Chinese landsmen were killed with inhumanity during that evil aggression!
During the 1930s, Japanese cabinet finally abandoned the plan “Northing and attack the Soviet Union with Germany” and turned to actualize southing. On July 7,1937, Lugouqiao Incident broke out . A bloody war between China and Japan began and it lasted 8 years. Afterwards Japanese troops began to attack southwards from North China and reached Shanghai- an important city in South China. Japanese prime minister boasted:’ We will force Chinese to kneel down’,’ perish their fighting willing’, ’wipe out China within three months’. So, Japanese troops advanced towards Nanjing-China’s capital at that time, hoping to fluctuate the resistance determination of Chinese people and to force Chinese people to give in. On August 15,1937, Songjinshigen(松井石根) was made the commander-in-chief of Shanghai Mission Troops. He told the Prime Minister：‘No other way. We can only occupy Nanjing, perish Jiang kgai-shi regime. And this is the mission I must achieve.’
In early December, Japanese High Command ordered its troops the Central China Front Army to attack Nanjing. The Central China Front Army commander left a small amount of army to garrison Shanghai and assembled more than 9 divisions to attack Nanjing, at all cost.
On December 7, it made a plan ‘Summary on Taking Over Nanjing’. On the afternoon of December 10,Japanese troops began the general attack at 1:00 pm. Chinese troops resisted with bravery. However, because of the great disparity of the arms and the disordered direction, Nanjing garrison commander-in-chief Tang Sheng-chi ordered the troops to retreat.
Nanjing-capital of China ,was then occupied on December 13!A sad day in Chinese history came! A day that causes everlasting pain in Chinese hearts came!---- Numerous women were raped! Over 300000 people were slaughtered! At this time, our motherland was bleeding! It seemed that this was not a man world. This was complete brutism! People were trampled by Japanese invaders. All the world felt pain about this!
Before the world’s consensus, Japan showed no sign of repentance, up to the present. Shortly after the Second World War, Japanese tried to escape the moral judgement from the civilized world, even though some of their leaders had been sentenced guilty by the war court. Germany accepted the moral judgement and admitted its guilt without concealing anything. Meanwhile, Japan was always trying to escape the trial and then became the chief criminal of another crime. As Nobel Prize winner Elle Wisel warned several years ago: ‘Forgetting the massacre means another massacre!’
中华抗日同盟会二零零四年
Hu Jin-tao, Chairman of China, visited the Memorial for Nanjing Massacre on May 4.
Fictive “Nanjing Massacre”
In 1978,Japanese government admitted the seven war criminals sentenced to death by Far East War Court in 1945 as heroes. Several years later, a Japanese college teacher declared that “Nanjing Massacre is fictive” and wrote a book named after it. It says:“Nanjing Massacre is a tool made up by China to belittle Japan, and Japan should restore its former glory.”
In July,1982,Japan’s Culture Department revised the textbooks for college students. Later, it changed “invade China”into “enter China”!
“Nanjing Massacre” case was lost
On Jan.20,2000,
Japan Supreme Court made the final sentence to a slander
case. It declared: Japan had never admitted the existence of
Nanjing Massacre, so the killings couldn’t
be proved. The defendant was lost. The counsel for the defence
said: “This is not only a slander case. Some Japanese officials are
trying to deny Nanjing Massacre through the case. The accuser is only a
dummy controlled by some Japanese retired officers.”
After the sentence, the accuser lawyer immediately held a news conference. In the news conference,he said:“We have won the case .The so-called ‘Nanjing Massacre’ is fake.” A retired officer supporting the accuser said: “We didn’t make the massacre. I have no memory of it. If it did exist, I think all was normal.”
A Japanese political critic said: “I’m sure the number of people killed in Nanjing is 20000 at most. The lost case shows that Japanese troops had no cruel activities and Nanjing Massacre is fictive.”
Memorial for Victims in Nanjing Massacre
Ghost Stone
Nanjing civilians think that the screes represent the people killed by Japanese troops – and they are sure the number is over 300000.
The bones of Nanjing victims! Myriad Tunnel
The Japanese retired officer Quansi Zongyilang considered that China described the number of Nanjing Massacre victims were over 300,000 was fake and unimpossible, and he deemed it would be too bad if this description carried through from generation to generation.
Many people described that the number of Chinese people were killed by Japanese Army were over 50,000 or 100,000, but the retired officer Changson Songqunfu considered that the number of Chinese victims must not over 50,000, and he thought that it was not true if the number over 50,000.
A Tokyo University professor said: “I think highly of the Japan’s role at war. Japan was the power who librated Asia from Europe. Though Japan had the intention to control Asia in place of Europe, it’s still justice.”
The most authoritative Japanese History Dictionary<The Big Japanese History Dictionary > says: The number of victims in Nanjing Massacre is about from tens of thousands to 400000.A Japanese professor said: “I used not to believe the existence of Nanjing Massacre. But the censor of the authority to the textbooks interested me. After careful research, I think there is no doubt that Nanjing Massacre is a planned atrocity.”
A passed-away Japanese historian pointed out: “All the world knows the 1937 Nanjing Massacre. However, Japanese government will not admit it so far.”
A Japanese writer said:“I do believe there is Nanjing Massacre. If some reading materials favor of the war exist, the next generation of Japan will support the war. Some Japanese hope to restore the Japanese pride by this means. We must denounce it with justice. ”
A Japanese reporter said: “After World War II, some war criminals escaped from conviction. Japanese government keeps on reminding people of the A-bomb affairs. However, it will not admit that Japan was an invader.”
F. Tillman Durdin, a retired reporter of “New York Times”, recalled :”In 1937,when I drove to the river bank of Nanjing to interview, all the places I passed were filled with corpses. Some Japanese officers smoked, chatted, and supervised the soldiers to kill the war prisoners. Each group had 50 war prisoners or so, and they all were killed.”
People sacrificing are burning joss sticks
However, another Japanese professor said:” There are many people killed indeed, but not as much as tens of thousands. The whole Japanese society would be convulsed by the killing of 20 or 30 people. Japanese army strictly obeyed the disciplines, so it would not do such things.”
The passed-away survival from Nanjing Massacre said:” After the loss of Nanjing, what frightened me most was the bodies everywhere. Many died in bombings. I survived only by crawling on the ground.”
David Maggee, son of Priest Maggee, said:” Today, many Japanese politicians want to hide the fact of Nanjing Massacre. When I saw the films taken by my father over 60 years ago, I was astonished. However, the then Tokyo Military Court didn’t take it as an evidence.”
Lanpinte, granddaughter of John Rabe, said:” I can hardly imagine the Japanese troops’ cruelties written down by my grandfather. What they did in Nanjing in 1937 is more cruel than what Nazi did. ”
Our Slogan
This slogan is indeed disputable because the attitude in this slogan is that China “beg” Japan for apologize. So, this inversion has not been possible to take.
We won’t forget the scene that thousands of bones of the victims were piled up on the ground all over the Nanjing city.
Let’s
remember the things past……
(Lift Picture) The Sun Flag in Yuren’s hand
The collection numeration: NG-023-J-020416(Upper Right Picture) In 1902, over one year old Yuren seated on the baby carriage and lift The Sun Flag which was the symbol of he Japanese Army. (k.k.Kyodo News)
Yuren was born on April 29th in 1901, his father Emperor Tacheng died on December 25th in 1926, so the crown peince Yuren ascend the throne and at the same time he change the title of his emperor’s reign “Chaohe”.
At the early days of Chaohe, the Japanese Militarism began to expand and to commit aggression. After the September 18th Incident in 1937, Japanese army occupied the Northeast of China. On July 7th in 1937, Japanese army enkindled “Lugouqiao Incident”, and began to invade China in large scale. So , the Resistance against Japan War broke out.
(1901-1989)
The picture of Emperor Yuren, the supreme commander of Japanese army. (1920)
The collection numeration: NG-054C-J-030605.
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This military map was published by Osaka News Service on January 1st in 1933 (Chaohe 8year). This military map was a part of the Empire National Defence Large Map, and the map disclosed Japan’s preparation for invading China. Three provinces in Northeast of China had been ruled by Japan since September 18th Incident in 1931 broke out. This map spread and made an intensive study of China and other weast powers military strength in China.
From 1930’s, Japan continued to creat incidents and intend to make excuse for enkindl the war to China. Japan wanted to invade all over of China and establish the pretended “Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere”. But this “Sphere” became the valid evidence for historical facts.
(The collection numeration: NG-016-J-010726. )
Process of the fall of Nanjing city.
Chinese Central forces’ helmet..
The
collection numeration: NG-021-C-020428
Chinese officer’s field army cap.
The collection numeration: NG-011-C-011004.
Song-Hu Battle
一九三七年中央軍部隊趕負前線作戰
After the 1931 incident, Japan occupied the Northeast of China. On July 7,1937,Japan enkindled “Lugouqiao Incident”, and began to invade China on a large scale. Therefore, the Resistance against Japan War broke out. On the morning of Aug.13,1937, Japanese troops began to attack Chinese troops in Shanghai. The next day, Japanese planes bombed Guangde and Hangzhou Airport. Chinese airforce fought back in Hangzhou and shot down three Japanese planes. On the same day,Chinese planes bombed the Japanese troops in Shanghai and damaged its flagship.
From “The July 7th Incident”to “The Aug.13th Incident”, only within brief 5 weeks did Japan enlarge the invasion, from Lugouqiao to Beijing and Tianjin, from North China to East China. Therefore, a local conflict was developed into a comprehensive invasion to China. This was a war without digging up the hatchet and brought China a serious crisis of being conqured.
After the breaking out of “The Jan.28th Incident” , Chinese government fought with Japan in Shanghai for 33 days, and then withdrew because of the lack of materials. The League of Nations held a special conference the next day to deal with the sino-Japanese war, and decided that both sides should cease fire. Chinese government had to signed a cease-fire agreement.
On Aug.13,1937, Japanese troops began to attack Shanghai on a large scale and directly threatened Nanjing ,the then Chinese capital. Chinese troops had to fight against them in and around Shanghai. This is called “Shanghai Battle”. In November,1937, Shanghai was seized and the battled ended.
In this battle, over 200000 Japanese soldiers attacked from Zabei. At first, they couldn’t win and had to withdraw ,waiting for reinforcement. At the end of that month, 3 more Japanese divisions arrived and began to attack Baoshan and Wusong in the support of the warships. Over 20 days later, Baoshan was seized and more than 500 Chinese soldiers died for their country.
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Chinese Central forces went to the front.
Lift picture, Song
of Fighting China, woodcarving illustration
日軍逼近南京
As soon as the war began, Japanese planes bombed Nanjing for over 100 times . Many unmilitary targets were bombed ,and many civilians were killed. The whole city was seriously damaged.
On Nov.20,Japanese troops were nearing Nanjing, Chinese government made an announcement that the capital would be moved to Chongqing. All the officials fled from Nanjing in a hurry, and the civilians were left hopeless.
Before the war, the population of Nanjing was about one million. After the war broke out, some people ran to other places. However, they were mostly officials and rich men. Other civilians ran to the suburbs at most .In addition, many refugees from the front ran to the capital. Thus there were still many people in Nanjing.
At first, Chinese government ignored these refugees. Some enthusiastic foreigners proposed that an “International Committee” be set up as a “Refugee Area”,and Chinese government accepted this proposal. On Nov.25, Japanese troops began to attack Nanjing in three lines. They surrounded Nanjing and fought against the defenders.
Nanjing Central forces’ helmet, type of M35, made in Germany ,1937
This type of helmet was Model 1935 and it was made of iferromolybdenum in Germany. Chinese government ordered this type of steel helmet in 1935 and admeasured these helmets to the central forces at the beginning of 1936. There were blowhole on both sides in the helmet, and a piece of Chinese national emblem on the left side. This helmet was excavated by the local peasants when they build house. The helmet had been rusted and the leather inside had fade away because of over 60 years below the surface of the earth. The Chinese national emblem was still on the helmet, the paint on the surface had been fade but it’s figure was clear yet.
A combination of factors, the investigators considered that the helmet must be Chinese soldier left , and the helmet was the historical remains without any question. Although in Word War II, people would thought of the Nazi German soldiers and had some negtive sensation as soon as they saw this type of helmet, in modern history China, the helmet could make people remember the heroes.
Looking at the helmet, people seemd to see the scenes of battles, such as Song-Hu battle, action of safegarding Shanghai, operation for Nanjing, and so on. All these deeds were above all praise in history.
(Collection numeration: NG-021-C-020428.)
Chinese officer’s dagger
The collection numeration: NG-038-C-020904.
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(Lift Picture) Garrison commander Tang Sheng-chi
At that time, there were over 100000 Chinese soldiers in Nanjing .They were directed by Tang Sheng-chi. However, Tang used a very bad tactics, and only defended the city itself. On Dec.12, Japanese troops attacked Yuhuatai fiercely and up to the noon, Yuhuatai was seized. At 2 o’clock that afternoon, Zhonghuamen was seized. There was a gap around Nanjing city.
At 5 o’clock that afternoon, Tang held an officer meeting and handed out an order to break through. However, he himself ran away in a great hurry, in spite of his promise “I will die with Nanjing”. The next day, Japanese troops occupied Nanjing.
When Japanese troops began to enter the Nanjing city, most Chinese people had run into “The Refugee Area”. Some people were the company or the store caretaker, others were the residents, and they must guard own room, therefore, there were few people in the street. But the wounded soldiers and the refugees were still pour into Nanjing city.
After they came into Nanjing city, enemy's crackle of gunfire, the sound of gunfire are increasingly tight, everybody felt flustered, and they hope that they could to hide into “The Refugee Area”, but they were rejected. Finally, they wanted to run out the city gate an crossed Yangtze River.
Thereupon, part of crowds move to the Zhongshan north road nearby Yangtze River, they prepared to rush out of Yijiangmen Gate in order to arrived the Hsiakuan Zhongshan wharf; the other part of the crowds moved to the Central Road and they wanted to cross the Peace Gate to reach the Yanscigin wharf to cross Yangtze River.When refugees moved to Zhongshan north road and Central road, they saw part of national troops officers and soldiers gethered on the river bank, could not out of danger. In order to made an opportunity for these officers and soldiers who escaped from Nanjing at the eleventh hour, the refugee group shut the Yijiangmen gate and the Peace gete city gates tightly so that the officers and soldiers could cross the river.
Soldiers’ broadsword
The collection numeration: NG-037-C-020520. The
historian thought Nanjing fell to the enemy was related to many factors.
One factor was that Chinese army’s equipment were more weaker than
Japanese forces’. Chinese army were lack of effective equipment and
systemic command actually, even if the Central Force which guarded
capital Nanjng were equiped with all Gemany’s –like equipment, for
this reason, they would be failed in the end. Actually, China attached
heavy price. Between the Sino-Japanese War, Chinese servicemen also need
to use the broadsword to kill the enemy, this facts were the reflection
of that Chinsese forces were lack of equipment.
The Loss of Nanjing
日寇入城
Survivals:”We had thought Japanese troops only wanted to occupy Nanjing city. However, they made the massacre! We had never thought of that!! ”
On the streets there were crowds of people. Japanese guns behind, tightly shut city door in front. Crying and cursing could be heard everywhere. These refugees, most of whom were wounded soldiers and old people, could master there own lives no more.
On the morning of Dec.13,1937,Japaese troops entered the city. After entering, these beasts immediately took over the government offices, the banks and storehouses. At the same time, they looked for the killing objects. So, the refugees became their targets. These Japanese beasts wildly shot at these refugees with guns. And Nanjing Massacre began….
The massacre was beginning in Nanjing city.
The most ruthless weapon in Nanjing massacre.
Type 30 bayonets made in Xiaocang ordnance factory.
(The collection numeration: NG-002-J-0011) Crowds
of the old, women, children and the wounded soldiers fell down with the
gunshots. Most of them died immediately. However, there were still
groans and curses. And these Japanese beasts kept on shooting. That was
only the beginning of massacre. The next morning, Japanese tanks entered
Nanjing city. They kept on slaughtering. They didn’t
pause until all were dead in the city. Then, they began to
slaughter the people outside the city.
The Japanese forces hat (official headgear).( The collection numeration:NG-055-J-030820)
Japanese forces’ field operation hat.（The collection numeration:NG-019-J-020403）
After 13 or 14 days’ massacre, many roads were submerged by blood. The massacre carried out by Japanese beasts outside Nanjing city was more brutal and more flagitious. Many refugees in Xiaguan were drowned in the Yangtze. Most of the refugees were in complete despair now.
On Augest 13th, the sound of gunfire in the city had shocked the refugees who were staying at the waterfront. They realized the Japanese enemys had invaded the city. By this time, the situation extremely disorder, whoever soldiers or refugees, all of them exhausted their strength to make final stuggleing. Everybody took something as the tool to cross the Yangtze River, such as the store’s and inhabitant’s wooden gate, the plank, the bathtub, the bench, the log, even the rotten wood, almost every thing which could be used to cross river had been used. But, because there were too much people and the tool was limited, only small number of people could to cross the river by luch and the majority refugees were in completely despair.
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Mucun-Yikuo’s war flag which accompanied him went to the front.
The collection numeration: NG-035-J-020513
Sina incident commemorative badge.
The collection numeration: NG-047 -J-021122
Japanese forces 99 type rifle (Gun-barre han dispeared. )
Th collection numeration: NG-040-J-020724
Sina incident commemorative badge.( The obverse side and the back surface designs of the badge.)
News photos on massacre
This was a news original picture related to Nanjing massacre of that year, it’s breadth was 21.5 centimeter×17 centimeters. This picture was preserved very well and it’s one of the key collection in our museum.. Chinese capital Nanjing invaded by Japanese enemy in 1937, the civillans had no any protection. It was photographed by American reporters between 1937 and 1938, this photoes had became the solemn and stiring recollection full of blood and tears in Chinese morden history. On the picture, the Japanese soldier grasped the automatic pistol to turn towards to Chinese civillans. On the back of the picture, there were explanation was:”Japs shoot Chinese Prisoners.” It was believed that these two captives were difficult to run away and they must be killed. However, what were the victims’ status on earth? Nowadays in the academic circles, some scholars considered that they were Buddhist priests of one temple in Nanjing, and one of them was the master of the temple. There was a vertical shade on the lawn, the Japanese murder was carrying a handbag, his left hand grips tightly a katana. In order to make his face clear, he turned his cap to the right side even though the sunlight was strong.
At the same time, some Chinese traitors settled in Taiwan wrote in their books that these pictures were American fabricated to bring a false charge against their motherland Japan，and it was the biggest rumor in 20th century. In our eyes, the Japanese’s appearance was so repulsive and shameless. At the same time, he was “the good example” of Japanese right wing and the typical “Country Hero”of Japanese Empire Royal Troop.
Is the typical Japanese empire royal troop "pacifies the country the hero"
The collection serial number: NG-060-J-030924
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On the afternoon of Dec.14, Japanese beasts rushed to Zhongshan Dock and Xiaguan Station. They shot at the refugees with guns and grenades. Thousands of people fell down with horror, anger and despair. Many refugees, not willing to be killed by these beasts, jumped into the river for suicide. Only in a short time did tens of thousands of refugees die. On Dec.26, Japanese beasts killed over 5000 refugees and threw the bodies into the Yangtze.
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Japanese troops concentrated the slaughters mainly in the places of Caoxiexia, Yanziji and Guanyinmen. Before the loss of Nanjing, those who couldn’t run to other places fled to the suburbs in groups. Some other refugees, including many wounded soldiers, also fled to the suburbs. Along the Yangtze there were more. They formed a “Refugee Village”. After the loss of Nanjing, Japanese beasts seized as many as 50000 refugees and gave them no food or drinks. Many of them died of cold or hunger. The rest were driven to Caoxiexia to kill. After over 10 days’ massacre, there was no person seen at daytime except the Japanese beasts. At night, all was dark except the Japanese cantonments. Since the loss of Nanjing, hundreds of thousands of unarmed refugees had been killed. However, those beasts would not stop.
Songking Shiken successfully entering Nanjing city
After our army finally captured Nanjing, we raised our national flag. The color bright flag flutters against the wind, the serviceman loud cheerly and filled with the joyful tears in their eyes. In the cheers for Japanese empire, our army l entered Nanjing. Welcom for the serviceman who set the record of the magnificent combat success. (Asahi shimbun, in December, 1937)
日軍上海派遣軍司令官 陸軍大將 松井石根
On Dec.17,Japanese troops held “Victory Ceremony”. Japanese commander-in-chief entered Nanjing. Many residents were taken away to be questioned. However, they could no longer come back. In fact, they were sent to Wutaishan to be burned.
On Dec.17,Japanese troops held “Victory Ceremony”. Japanese commander-in-chief Songking Sicken entered Nanjing. On the one hand, he rewarded his subordinate Gu Shoufu “the combat success”, on the other hand, he arrayed the second stage massacre. Songking considered that the closed door obviously was the sign of Chinese people intend to resest Japanese troops, so that he ordered the inhabitants open the door to welcome the Japanese troops. Meanwhile, Japanese troops began to search for the hidden against Japan members in the city. Late December, the clear street movement started. The fully armed and prepared Japanese invaders stading on the streets and the alleys in the city. The motorcycle team is going on patrol everywhere and several Japanese invaders were draging their sword, knocked the door one by one. Therefore, however company, store and inhabitant, all had the gateway open wide. Some people stayed at home for a long time, and they wanted to know what happened outside, but, as soon as they poked head out of the door, the disaster immediately arrived,
the Japanese soldiers fired to them at the instantaneous. Only in this day, there were several thousandsof people had been shoot. Many residents were taken away to be questioned. However, they could no longer come back. In fact, they were sent to Wutaishan to be burned.
In all over 10000 people disappeared with no reason. From now on, those beasts turned to the rest people. The whole city was covered with horror. And the killing continued. From Dec.13,1937, the day when Nanjing was lost, the Japanese beasts wildly started the 6-week massacre(Some historians think there were a 3-month massacre on a large scale and a 3-month massacre for smaller killings. So the massacre lasted 6 months in all). Countless women were raped and innumerable houses, shops, and storehouses were marauded. In the whole city, about 1/3 houses were burnt down, and Nanjing was made a hell. From Dec.13,1937 to Febrary,1938, over 50000 Chinese war prisoners and between 250000 to 300000 unarmed civilians were killed, including women, the old, and children. The number of the dead and the treatment they received before their death were still left a brainteaser.
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Japanese Royal Troop’s "honorable combat success"
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(Right) Japanese forces’the sixth division commander, Gu Shoufu
Nanjing Security Area International Committee seriously protested against Japanese officers for 12 times. However, they just ignored them. Moreover, they took photos and films about the sad affairs in Nanjing, to show their glorious military successes.
Dauntless Minnie Vautrin
The Chinese women who were been raped and killed miserably by Japanese forces.
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明妮 ·魏特琳（Minnie Vautrin 1886-1941）
Minnie Vautrin came to China to missionize in 1912, later she became a professor in Jingling Female College. During the period of Nanjing fell, Vautrin tried her best to protect Chinese women left in the city.
The female refugees were playing game in the Jingling Female College.
Witness
of Witline
Dec.15,1937
It must be Wednesday today. During these weeks all has become so irregular that it’s hard to tell the date. From 8:30a.m. to 6:00 p.m., except lunch time, when the refugees rushed in, I was always standing at the gate. Many women outpoured their horror on their faces. Last night, Nanjing was a horrible night. Japanese soldiers took many young women away from their homes. We permitted women and children to enter freely. But we had to ask the elderly women to stay at home as much as possible, so that there could be more room for young women. Many of them begged us to allow them to stay on the grass outside. Two guards formed a patrol team. They have put on the uniforms, and will go the rounds at night.
These two days Japanese rob everywhere, ruin the schools, kill the civilians and rape the women. The 1000 unarmed Chinese soldiers whom International Committee wanted to rescue have been taken away. Now they must have been killed.
Minnie Vautrin took picture with the staff who work in the soup-kitchen of Red Cross.
Dec.19,1937
In the morning, horrified married women and young girls came to the gate again—last night was another horrifying night. Many of them knelt down and begged us to let them in. I allowed them to come in, but I didn’t know where they could sleep. At 8:00 a.m., Mr. Teso came from American Embassy. Because I had known these refugees didn’t have enough food, I asked him to go to the headquarters of the Security Area. And they promised to send the rice here at 9:00. When I was walking back to the school, many parents and brothers begged me to take their daughters and sisters to Jinling Women College. One mother said: her house had been robbed several times and she could not protect her daughter any more.
Later that morning, I was walking in the schoolyard and drove away crowds of Japanese soldiers after another. I was urged to the teachers’ dorm, and made known two Japanese soldiers had gone upstairs. In Room 538, I found a Japanese soldier was keeping watching at the door and the other soldier was raping a girl. The letter from the embassy and my appearance forced them to escape. In great anger, I really wished I could have had the power to beat them. If Japanese women know this, they will feel ashamed, I think.
China’s Shutella
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(Left)
John H.D Rabe, a member of German Nazi, was a German delegate to China
in 1937. During the loss of Nanjing, he was the chairman of Nanjing
Security Area International Committee. He saved hundreds of thousands of
Chinese,and was called “China’s Shutella”.
(Right)
John Gillespie Maggee, a priest, was missionizing from 1912 to 1940. He
took many photos about Japanese atrocity and sought justice for the
victims.
Witness of John H.D.Rabe and Priest Maggee
(Taken by Priest Maggie, written by John H.D. Rabe)
(Excerpt)
Feb.11,1938
Priest John Maggee has shot record films about cruel crimes.Dr.Rosin asked someone to make a copy of it in Shanghai. He wants to send it to Berlin. It is said he wants to ask me for a copy later. I added my explanations to every picture. I have seen many wounded people in the pictures and talked with several of them before their deaths. I also saw their bodies in the dead house in Gulou Hospital.
Pastor
John Magee and his movie.
The foreword and explanations for <Nanjing Atrocity Record>
Foreword
The following pictures can only make people simply know the atrocities Japanese made after they occupied Nanjing in Dec.13,1937. If Priest Maggee，member of Nanjing Security Area International Committee and chairman of the Nanjing Branch of the International Red Cross had had more films and more time, more pictures would have been taken. He,like others, was busy protecting the civilians of the city all day during that time. So he could only took photos occationally. And he had to be careful. For, if he was found taking photos, his camera must be destroyed or taken away by Japanese. So he could not take photos of executions directly or take photos of piles of bodies in several districts. Church Hospital (Gulou Hospital) received many wounded people and other victims of Japanese atrocities. If the photographer could have stayed there for a longer time, the content of the film would be much richer. He still remembers a 70-year-old lady. A bullet hit her on the shoulder and came out from her back. Luckily, the bullet didn’t hit the important parts, so the wound was soon healed. Another thing should be considered. Among tens of thousands of wounded people, only very few of them could be sent to the hospital or could be known by us. In the countryside or small towns, there were also tens of thousands of people killed. However, we could not see these atrocities and know the details about these. Only later were some truthful and trustworthy reports sent to us occationally.
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This girl and five other girls were taken away from the refugee area by force to do some washings for Japanese officers. She was taken into a building which seemed like a military hospital. In the daytime, she had to do washing. At night she was raped by Japanese soldiers in turn. According to her report, elderly women or plain women were raped for about 10-20 times during one night while some beautiful women were raped as many as 40 times during one night. This is a plain woman in the picture. On Jan. 2nd, 1938, two Japanese soldiers forced her to go
with them. She was taken into an empty house. They wanted to cut down her head, but
failed. She was found in blood and was sent to Church Hospital. There she restored her health. There were four cuts around her neck. The cuts were so deep that the neck
muscles were broken. In addition, there was a serious cut around her wrest and four cuts on her body. This woman didn’t know why they wanted to kill her. She also didn’t knowwhat happened to other women.
On Dec.13, about 30 Japanese soldiers appeared at the house of No.5, Xin Road and wanted to break in. The house owner was a muslin. He was shot dead the moment he opened the door. After his death, a gentlemen knelt down before the soldiers and begged them not to kill the others. However, he had the same fate. The wife of the houseowner asked the soldiers why they killed her husband, and she was shot too.
A lady with a one-year-old baby in her arms was dragged out by the Japanese soldiers. Her baby was stabbed dead first and her dressing was torn down. Several soldiers raped her. Then a bottle was pushed into her course. Later, several soldiers entered the next room. There were the raped lady’s old parents and her daughters. When the soldiers wanted to rape the girls, their grandmother tried to protect them and she was immediately shot dead. When the grandfather tried to hold her up, he was also killed. Then the two girls were raped by the soldiers in turn. Later, the elder girl was stabbed dead and her course was pushed into a stick. The younger girl was stabbed too. Then the soldiers stabbed another girl of about 7 or 8 years old. At last, they killed the two children of the houseowner’s. One was 4 and the other was 2. The 4-year-old child was stabbed dead and the 2-year-old child’s head was cut open by a military knife.
That wounded 7 or 8 year-old girl crawled into the next room. There lay her mother’s body. She hid there with her unwounded 4-year-old sister for 14 days. The photographer knew the story from the girl.
After these horrifying events, all the neighbors ran to the Security Area. The old lady in the picture came to her neighbor’s house and found these two children after 14 days. It was the old lady who led the photographer into the house full of dead bodies. She, another gentleman and the elder girl whom we saved told us the tragedy. From the picture, we can see the bodies of the two girls. Their bodies were lying with the other bodies. These people were killed at the same time. The raped lady and her baby could be seen from the picture.
Revealing Nanjing Massacre
American
famous magazine Life, published on May 16, 1938
In the American magazine of <Life> published on May 16, 1938, Nanjing Massacre was revealed for the first time. This was only a very brief report. However, the whole world was applauded. The pictures in the magazine were taken by Priest Maggee to record the cruel crimes. The crimes of the Japanese troops were revealed to the public at last. According to the survey after the war, in Nanjing Massacre, the number of the Chinese people killed was as many as over 300000. And the witness pictures can only reveal a small part of it!
Pictorial
Review, published in Americ on October 31th, 1943, there
were special topic narrated of Japanese royal troops’ atrocity.
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