南京大屠殺 ~ 下卷: 以血洗血

On December 13, 1937, the 16th division of the Japanese army occupied Chinese National Government Building.

This picture were permitted by Japanese News Censorship. (No collection numeration)

Chinese government succeeded in the Northern expedition in 1929, so Beijing was renamed Peiking. At the same time, Chinese government moved President Sun Zhongshan’s coffin to Nanjing. Meanwile, Jiang Gaishi, the chairman of the Military Committee of the government, decided to make Nanjing as the capital of China. Japanese forces occupied Nanjing on Dec.13, 1937, Chinese government had to move to Chongqing and it was the temporary capital of China in the war. Without any question, Jiang Gaishi couldn’t shift off the responsibility to Nanjing’s fall.

The building where Chairmen Jiang Gaishi worked in the former days had been Japanese lieut.gen Chongdao Jinzhaowu’s headquarter, Chongdao was the colonel of the 16^th division of the Japanese army.

(Right) The stamp of celebrating the victory of the war, it designed according to Jiang’s head portrait.

Before the war to resist Japan, Jiang ever interviewed the students who request to resist Japan. According to an old Chinese author wang-xiyan’s memory, at that time when Jiang interviewed them, he point to the sky with one finger and impawned ：“Me, Jiang-jiesi, I talk to the sun, I can resist Japan by all means, resist Japan by all means, please set your heart at rest!”

Mrs. Jiangsong Meiling arrevived the United States Congress and made a speech during the war. In order to make America support Chine. At the public hearing, she narrated the fact of the massacre broke out in Nanjing, and all sorts of atrocities Japanese forces made in China. In domestic, Song Meiling support bring-up the orphans energeticlly who survived from the flames of the war. What she did was of benefit to our country.

The first A-bomb model (On scale: 1:30) (The collection numeration: NG628.5-27r)

The Sun Flag that one of the Japanese friends presented to the museum in 2003, and this Sun Flag viewed the A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima. This is the historic hangover that Japanese militarisms murdered Japanese people as well as they murdered foreigners. (The collection numeration: NG-057-J-030521)

At 8 o’clock 15 minute 17 second on August 6, 1945, the bomb thrower Tom Ferebee threw the A-bomb “Little Boy” in the B-29 battleplan driven by Debasce. After 43 second, a huge fireball of 1800 feets diameters destroyed Hiroshima into ruin and made 80 thousand civillins wounded and 100 thousand civilians dead. After the second A-bomb’s air attack on August 9, Japanese enemy were defeated and had no power to retaliate upon. On August 15, 1945, Japan declared its surrender, and the full-scale aggression war against China continued 8 years initiatively enkindled by Japan ended.

At the ceremony of the acceptance Japan’s surrender took place on the board of the No. Missouri steamboat, which anchored in the Japan Tokyo gulf, on September 2, 1945. General Xu Yongchang, the minister of China Military Department, represented China made signature on Japan’s capitulation.

After Yichang city recovered in September in 1945, there were migratory stream again. The little girls in company with the generals and the soldiers, a national flag held in one of her hand, and a little flower basket in her another hand.

After Japan surrender to China, the Far East International Court-martial came into existence and began to deal with the accusation aginst the Japanese war criminals. China extradited the first 32 war criminals, including in Gu Shoufu, land force lieutenant general, the Sixth Division commander, the chief criminal of Nanjing massacre. Two main criminals of the “hundred-homicide competition”, the assist military officers of land army, Xiangjing Minming and Heye Tianji. And, there were other war criminals, such as Tianzhong Junji, who killed 300 Chinese with his sword; Tianzhong Kuyi，the commander of the 23^rd force stationed in Guangzhou; Genben Bo, the commander of the army stationed in Mongolia; and Zhunei Ansi，the colonel of the 8^th force stationed in north of Gokou. Also, there were othe criminals such as Shanlu Xiuyong，the colonel of the 3^rd tank force stationed in Paiping, and Gangbu Zhisanlang，the commander of the 6^th front army stationed in Hankou; and Yingsen Xiao, the commander of the 12^th force stationed in Zhengzhou, and Senmao Shu, the colonel of the 65^th force stationed in Xuzhou. And，the 11^thforce commander Liyuan Benxiong; Mucun Jinghu，the colonel of the 100 force stationed in Luoyang area; Chuanyin Zhengchi，the colonel of the 64 force stationed in Xiangyin; Disan Shunan，the colonel of the 68^th force stationed in Wugang area; Lingtian Yuansilang，the colonel of the 106^th force stationed in Shaoyang area, and Sanpu Sanlang，the colonel of the 140^th force stationed in Linfen area; and Dubian Do，the colonel of the 2^nd independent blending force stationed in Qingdao, and Banxi Yiliang，the commander of the 20^th fource stationed in Hengyang area, and Laohe Songerlang，the colonel of the 60^th force stationed in Suzhou city. And Changtian Zhongqin，the colonel of the 61^st force stationed in Shanghai, and Changye Jiaping，the colonel of the 133^rd force stationed in Hangzhou, and Chuanqingsan，the official of the 40^th force stationed in Nanchang; Xiaochang Lianci，the colonel of the 131^st force stationed in Anqing. Above all, there were 22 Japanese war criminals. They would be distributed into different region to accept the inquest after they came into Nanjing

One piece of war flag collected in our museum which was Gu Shoufu presented to Pianshan Lixiong, I belive the piece of war flag should be the only one relic of Gu Shoufu’s displayed openly in our country.

It should be Pianshan Lixiong request Gu Shoufu to sign on this flag, out of question. Pianshan Lixiong must be a member of the Japanese Empire’s Army. As soon as Gu Shoufu occupied Nanjing on December 13, 1937, he was favored in Japanese stratocracy circle, so that, there were many people wanted to utilize Gu Shoufu’s reputation to upgrade himself just like Pianshan Lixiong did.

This oriflamme was the evidence to testify Nanjing Massacre, we couldn’t fall it into Japanese Right Wings’ hands. At the same time, we can retaliate upon the Japanese Right Wings’ public alleges: “Nanjing massacer was a fabrication”. Facing this flagitious enemies, we couldn’t help resisting the inflammation and we don’t mind expending as much as two years’ investigation outlay on this powerful evidence. We may use these evidences to retort the hateful traitors or Japanese Right Wings fiercely.

Japanese emperor Yuren awarded Gu Shoufu who dedicated himself to his empire.

On February 11, 1940, Osaka Asahi Shimbun reported that, Japanese emperor rewarded and conferred medals to some officers, for their contributions to occupying Nanjing. These officers including in Gu Shoufu, Chongdao Jinzhaowu, Niudao Man, Caochao Chensi, Zuozuomu Daoyi, etc. These all were the hard evidences to testify Japanese ignominious criminal.

US created difficulties from judging in order to make Gu Shoufu escape fome the punishment.

According to Macarthur’s suggestion, Tokyo International Court announced that the highest headquarters ought to send a military officer and two justicers to each country in which extradited the war criminals. American Major Herbert was appointed to China as the inspector. The supervisors appointed to China were an American major Herbert and American resident justice of international court Aldaker and Huosi. But on January 12, 1947, when presiding judge Shi Meiyu and other three supervisors discussed how to deal with the war criminals in the council, the supervisor Aldaker suggested unexpectedly that:“We have no reason to sentence Go Shoufu to death, because the international court judge Songjing Shiken as the first war criminal and he is indicted for the reason of the main criminal of the Nanjing Massacre. Now that Songjing Shiken was the chief criminal, Go Shoufu must be placed on the backseat, because all through the ages, there was a tradition that ‘chief criminal must be punished, but the accessories paid no attention to’”. And another supervisor Huosi said that: “when Japanese army occupied Nanjing city, Songjing Shiken was the highest commander, Go Shoufu just was a colonel of the division, so that the chief criminal of the Nanjing Massacre was Songjing Shiken, the commander in chief of the Japanese army, not Go Shoufu. And then you only may sentence Go Shoufu several years of imprisonment.” But Cao Shiyin, stand on Chinese side, he said indignantly:“Songjing Shiken and Go Shoufu had made their own crime in the Nanjing Massacre. In this massacre, Go Shoufu was the commander of so much violence, but Songjing Shiken as the highest commander, he hadn’t take any measure detered them fome the massacre. Without any question, Songjing Shiken was the prime criminal, and Go Shoufu was the chief criminal.” Obviously, America wanted to exculpate for Go Shoufu, and wanted to control the Nanjing judgments like they did in Tokyo. When the inquiry group came to the office on the 11th district on Yuhua Road in Nanjing city, it was snowing, in spite of the cold weather; many people support each other with hand to charge Go Shoufu’s crimes, wives cried for their husbands or husbands cried for their wives, sons cried for their fathers or fathers cried for their sons, parents cried for their children, all of those people counted about over one thousand.

The legal medical experts of the investigation group was search for the bones of the dead in the scene of massacre took place.

The 6th judgement on Go Shoufu was taking place on March 10th in 1947.The courtroom was one room of the auditoria of Lizhi organization on Zhongshan Road in Nanjing. There was a banner was hanging cross the space above the court, and on the banner there is a sentence that is:“Public trail on Go Shoufu, the chief criminal of Nanjing massacre. There were two sentences of a famous poem were wrote on the two pillars in the hall, which were the famous poem of Yuefei’s couplet, which were changed into a resist Japanese enemies poems:“Heroes will regard the invaders as food when hungry and drink the Japanese enemies’ blood when thirsty.” In this poem, we could see the flame of hate in Chinese thorax. There were 7 justicers wearing the black cassock seating on the fires row on platform in the court. They were Shi Maiyu, Chen Guangmai, Zhang Tikun and other 4 justicers. On the 2nd row seats, there were the witnesses include in foreigners and Chinese, they would serve as witnesses at court to testify the Japanese war criminals, and also there were two appointed paracletes seat on this row. But the three supervisors Herbert, Aldaker and huosi were absent. There were over 1500 foreign and Chinese reporters and audience. At 8 o’clock 20 minutes, the four catchpoles carried Go Shoufu to the court and he didn’t wear the cuff for the moment. He was wearing a dark gray hat and a suit of soil-yellow service uniform brought from Tokyo and with a pair of white gloves on his hands. His dressing seemed to take part in his friend’s dinner party. Maybe he wanted to show to Chinese people that he preferred to die rather than submit. But in Chinese’ eyes, his visualize was cheeky and lousy! In spite of this, he must have to accept that he was a war criminal. He looked up to the banner and the couplet, and then took off his hat bowed to the court and then to the audience.

（Picture introduction）(Lift) Go Shoufu accepted inquest on the court. (Right) Legal medical experts were at one of the massacre scene to looking for the bones of the dead as the evidences for the judgment.

At 8 o’clock 13 minutes, the justicer Shi Maiyu announced severely,“The accused Gu Shoufu, 66 years old, was born in the Chongye block in Tokyo, lieutenant general of land forces, ever was the colonel of the 6th division and the commander of the 59th army corps.” And then the public prosecutor Chen guangyu started to read the two hours long indictment, in which there were countless crimes that Gu Shoufu had done in Nanjing Massacre. Gu Shoufu was preoccupied in listening, he frowned and ready to start wriggling when Chen Guangyu read:“It was considered that the total number of the victim was 300,000 in the past, but after investigations and cross-check, the exact number of the victim was 500,000, addition to 20,000 women were outraged and the fire was burning lasted over one month.” At 10 o’clock 35 minutes, after reading the indictment report, the chief justice Shi Maiyu announced that:“Now, the lawyer Mr. Mai Zufang and Mr. Zhang Rande defend for the accused please.” But Gu Shoufu refused to the lawyers’ vindication and he considered that he know of the facts far more than the lawyers. The chief justice Shi Maiyu said:“And then, what would you say about the things that you had done in Nanjing during the massacre happened which mentioned in the indictment report?” Gu Shoufu persisted in denying his criminals just as he did in the pre-trial. He said that:“ the soldiery look on the command as the vocation, I receive orders from the emperor to do battle with China. Both sides in the war must be suffering death; I could only feel pity for it, withal; Where there is war, there is casualty, so that, there isn’t massacre, and there isn’t the chief criminal in Nanjing Massacre.” He shift off his criminals thoroughly.

We can see that there was two unknown Japanese soldiers were killing Chinese people as amusement in these two groups of photos. They took the number of the dead they killed as a kind of glory. Xiangjing Minming, Yetian Yi and Tianzhong Junji just were the typical representation of these murders, so that those massacre behaviors were not isolated, and there were many Japanese soldiers can escaped from the trial. An old Japanese soldier Zhongyue Zhengnan remembered that he had ever killed 106 Chinese people. These facts were astonishing indeed!

(Picture introduction) The Japanese sword, it had ever being used to kill 107 Chinese in Nanjing Battle. (It were collected in the Republic of China Military History Museum in Taiwan )

Later, the court summon two third grade war criminals for trial, they were two Xiangjing Minming and Yetian Yi, who took part in the killing competition. The chief justice Shi Maiyu asked Gu Shoufu:“Mr.Gu Shoufu, can you recognize them?”Gu Shoufu pretended that he didn’t know them. But Yetian Yi said:“I amYetian Yi, he is Xiangjing Minming. On December 14th in that year (1937), it was the day after 3 days later that you (Gu Shoufu) called on to start the killing competition, at 5 o’clock in the afternoon, you interviewed us all, couldn’t you recognize us?” And Xiangjing Minming said:“The reason you interviewed us was that we were the most zealous soldiers to responded to your order. Yetian Yi chopped 78 heads and I chopped 89 heads on that day, we prepared to your interview and receive your encouragement. But you said to us:“Both of you haven’t reach to 100, you couldn’t give up, I will see you tomorrow.” Yetian Yi followed, he said:“On the second day, I killed 105 people andXiangjing Minming killed 106 people, we considered that we can get to the target, but you said that no one can proved which one of you were the first to get to 100 on earth, you can’t get the reward, and you can come here tomorrow.” When they said these, the two criminals were afraid and fell on their knees to admit their error and ask for punishment

Gu Shoufu responded that “I am sinful, I ma sinful, I am old and the memory was decline, so that I couldn’t remember what you said. But even if I had called on the killing competition, I couldn’t command you use the sword, because this method was very original, it would be better to use the gun. ” The chief justice Shi Maiyu announced:“Please move out the bones of the victims which dig out from the pit where ten thousands of the dead were buried!” The legal medical experts carried one white fabric bag, toward to a table which spread a block of black cloth on it, and this table was placed in front of Gu Shoufu, the distance between he and the table was within 3 steps. One and another death's-head roll out from the bag and be put on this table chockablock.

(Picture instruction) There were marks of sword on most of the bones of the dead. From this we can see that how brutally the Japanese enemies was.

The legal medical expert Zhang Ruizhi pointed that death's-head and said:“Just now, Mr. Go Shoufu disavowed they couldn’t use the swords and he said this method was very original, but judging from these marks, the conclusion was that these death’s-head must have cut with the swords.” Go Shoufu looked down for a while and answered:“Yes, yes, it were cut with the swords, it was cruel, cruel!” But he disavowed continued:“In the armies occupied Nanjing, there were also the 16th division, the 18th division and the 114th division, maybe those were their behaviors!”

(Picture introduction) The bones of the dead displayed on the court, it seemed to accuse their grievances.

Shi Maiyu pick up a dossier and rebutted him:“Last year(1946), on July 21st, when you received the pre-justice, Zhongdao Zhenxiong disclosed you face to face and he explained with the facts that when Japanese army occupied Nanjing, the 16th division quartered at the east environs of Nanjing, the 18th division quartered at west environs of Nanjing, and the 114th division quartered at the south of Nanjing. The Nanjing Massacre was the 6th division’s criminal. At that time, you not only denied, but also signed your name and ‘The facts were true.’ Now there was your words on the paper and it was the evidence, you can’t disavow.” Shi Maiyu continued saying,“You don’t say the truth until you see the evidences! While, lets show a film on the criminals of army under Gu Shoufu’ command, and this documentary film was shoot by the News Agency of American Embassy were stationed in China.”

Japanese soldier tend to kill people with their sword, since the event on September 18th in 1931, their bloodless ways hadn’t changed.

As soon as the electric light turned off, Gu Shoufu appeared on the screen, held his's head high, followed a group of military officers, arrived Yuhuatai. At the same time, over 180 Chinese refugees went down on their knees were forced by a group of Japanese soldiers. And then, the soldiers brandished their swords chopping at those over 180 heads. With fingering his moustache, Gu Shoufu nodded appreciatively, and stretch out his thumb to express his appreciation, and then swagger off.

(Picture) This is a photo shows that an unknown Japanese military officer was insulting a Chinese woman. Gu Shoufu insulted over 10 Chinese women in Nanjing.

Later, another documentary was shown on, it was shoot by Japanese military correspondent, Gu Shoufu’s good friend Yiteng Minsong. On the screen, there was a scene of a Japanese soldier was insulting a Chinese woman, and a group of Japanese soldiers were sending over 50 young beautiful Chinese women to the 6^th division station. And Gu Shoufu selected one immediately and draw her into his bedroom, and then he slam the door. After the Far East International Court arrested Gu Shoufu, he requested some one to Yiteng Minsong and beseeched him to destroy this film. But Yiteng Minsong betrayed him and give this film to Li Jianjun, the reporter of the Central News Agency.

(Picture) The land forces lieutenant general Chongdao Jinzhaowu, the colonel of 16^th division of Japanese army.

Another chief criminal of Nanjing Massacre Pianshan Lixiong dead for uremia and liver cirrhosis on October 28, 1945, so that he escaped from the trial. And another public enemy Liuchuan Pingzhu dead for cardiopathy and also escaped from the trial. But the Japanese emperor’s uncle, because of the relation to Japanese royalty, he not only escaped from trial, but also had the higher status and enjoyed the easygoing life until he dead.

Early in 1937, before the 8 years war to Japan started, the author was lucky to been appointed the Lieutenant Colonel of the impedimenta battalion in the instruction unit of the Central Military officer College. The instruction unit directed the impedimenta battalion; my battalion was made up of 4 companies,assed the strict choices and all of they were excellent, and we had the new equipments. The instruction unit received orders and we come back to Nanjing in November. At the bottom of November in 1937, at the eve of Nanjing defense battle, the commander Tang shengzhi summoned the Nanjing garrison, at the meeting, he loudly appeal to the them:“We must guard Nanjing for 6 months at least and as the Nanjing garrison, Nanjing’s fate would be our fate, we must fight for Nanjing until we die. ”

Go Shoufu was a intrepid general in the warlords at the Zhaohe time, he was always brave in the battlefield and he has a nature cruel and atrocious nature. In the 30th year at Guangxu age of Qing dynasty (AD.1904), Go Shoufu had been a soldier, he joined in the war between Japan and Russia, and he made contributions to Japanese army. Since then, he was soon promoted in Japanese land forces.

In 1937, after 33 years after the war between Japan and Russia, Go Shoufu had been the lieutenant general colonel of 6th force. After the 7-7 events in 1937, it was 33 years after the war between Japan and Russia. When the war broke out between Japan and China, he lead his force came to China within one month, and he joined the combat on the Lugou Bridge over Yongdinghe River and the battle in Baoding and Shijiazhuang Hebei province.

The same as the other Japanese generals, Go Shoufu was imperious and insufferably arrogant, but he didn’t expect that Chinese army resisted them toughly. At the beginning of the war, Japanese army suffered many losses. The brave and fierce soldiers of the 6th force under Go Shoufu’s command suffered losses from Yongdinghe River south to Nanjing city within 3 to 4 months.

At the end of November of the year, the capital defense battle started, Go Shoufu’s 6th troops were dispatched to the battlefront. They met with frustration many times at the site of Nanjing Zhonghua gate and at the area of Nanjing city. Finally, at the dusk of December 12th, Japanese army captured Nanjng Zhonghua gate, their landing party utilized the rope ladder climbed up the circumvallation and came into the city. For these reasons, they were ashamed into anger and in order to retaliate, after they came into this city, they carried on the premeditated large-scale butcher.

According to the recorder of Chinese department of defense military court trial on the criminals, the first judgment was that:“Go Shoufu, Chongdao, Niudao and Mosong, they led their troops went into the Nanjing city, they occupied different district of the city and began to carry on the premeditated large-scale butcher. They killed people, fired the houses, raped women and plundered the materials day after day in the city. The most disastrous period happened from December 12^th to 21^st in 1937, scilicet, in the period of Go Shoufu’s troops stationed in Nanjing city. ”

The number of our soldiers and citizens captured by Japanese army was over 190,000; it was just to sum up to the dead at the Zhonghu gate, Baota Bridge, Shiguanyin and Xiaguan-Caoxie Gorge. Addition to, there be 150,000 cadavers were buried by the charity. Sum total, there were over 300,000 people incurred murdered.

The cadavers piled up on the ground in every street in the city, and the extremely cruel scene go beyond the author could describe. This was“the Nanjing butcher“, a heavy blood debt.

In the area of the capital Nanjing city, the number of the Chinese soldiers and citizens suffered butcher beyond 300,000, just within the city, the number of the victims had beyond 150,000. It was believed that this number must be lower than the real number of the victims, but not beyond the real number

The indignant and excited Chinese people, thronged into the hall of the Lizhi organization, and they roared, damned, execrated the flagrance murderer Go Shoufu. The indignant people filled of the hall, upstairs and downstairs, inner the hall and out of the hall, they stood there shoulder by shoulder, and hundreds of hands were all pointed to that little fat and short man Go Shoufu, who was the leading actor, prime criminal, the 6^th force of Japanese army at the beginning of the war between Japan and China.

According to the summon for trial of Chinese Department of Defense court-martial on war criminals, the witnesses would bear witness to war criminal Go Shoufu should be arrived Nanjing Lizhi society court-martial before 6 o’clock in the morning on March 25^th in 1947.

As soon as I looked up, I saw Go Shoufu on the dock. He was the colonel of the 6^th force of Japanese army, who was that flagrance murderer who led and made the Nanjing butcher in Nanjing city before 9 years ago, which were never heard of before in the world. Under his command, the crazy Japanese soldiers performed that astoundment and unheard-of violence, which met with public opinion condemned. And they left blemish in the human history, and negate the international status of Japan was a civilization country Thousands of people stared at Go Shoufu, he was serious and disconcerted. He was in middle age; he was short and fat, and he had moustache, and his dressing was the civvies. He was not handsome and his diction was not outstanding, but he on his shoulder there were the blood debt of several hundred thousands people were killed!

Shi Maiyu, the chief justice of the highest military court trial on war criminals of Chinese Defense Department, came into the courtroom, and the audiences were silent and seriousness. The bawl stopped immediately. All of the people in he hall stand up and greeted him.

Chief justice Shi Maiyu requested the public prosecutor read the indictment, which was I provided, it was a 5,000 words report that recorded the bloodiness butcher, filled with tears and blood. At that time, it's too late to leave Nanjing city and we were surrounded in the city for 3 months, during the 3 months, I discerned Japanese army’s crimes and recorded it.

The public prosecutor checked my entire recorder before the trial beginning, and when the judge started, for the time reason, he just read the excerpt according to different sorts. After he read the excerpt over, it had been one hour past. During that one hour, all of the people were silent; it just was the public prosecutor’s voice resounded through the hall. Everyone include me on the scene were full of tears inside the eyes, grief and indignation.

The public prosecutor read my the occupied capital filled with tears and blood for over one hour, and when he read over, there was disturbance in the hall. Some people whimpered and some people cried, some people shouted and yelled hysterically:“it have no use for trial on him, drag him out and kill him and revenge our soldiers and common citizens!”Luckily there were lots of bailiffs did their utmost to maintain the order and let the Chinese compatriots on the public gallery restrain their exited emotion to avoid some suddenness happened. Once public prosecutor Shi maiyu spoke, the large courtroom became silent. He introduced himself at first, and then he ordered me stand up to make promise and testify against 谷壽夫. I stood up slowly and said firmly and trenchantly:“Japanese army occupied our capital Nanjing city and their atrocities were unprecedented and too numerous to record.”

The plum blossom representing the nation concept engraved on Chinese general’s sword.

The judges to the war criminal make the martial court up a quiet moment, on the court, all was sighing with regret and lament for the book “occupied city all in blood”, filled with grief and indignation. The scolds, such as tide, exploded again .The compatriots on the court cursed Gu Shoufu unceasingly. Mr. Si, the chief judge, ordered Gu Shoufu to raise questions, which was the upsurge of the whole trial. Whether Gu Shoufu had to pay for his bloody offense at some cost was decided by his arguments and refute sharply of mine. Therefore, order came again, anger stopped for a moment, the people from different walks of life of visitors on the court all wait for how the man was making the answer. The man stood up slowly, gave a Speech unhurriedly, it made the very clear ground that he was trying his best to keep him of the calmness and nature, in order to hide the strong and huge conflict of his heart. He began his talk, the sound kept steady and calm and having force.

The man bowed deeply to the chief judges, to the public prosecutor and I, however he used one voice of bemoaning the stated of the universe and pitying the fate of mankind and at the same time with a sense of having oneself to blame, “having listened patiently to what Mr. Go stated, those facts were truly crucial. However, I didn’t know those things happened and I never had that order to kill those Chinese”. Several sentences only the man of the valley wanted to push his guilt away. For hundreds of thousands of dead compatriots and those numerous Chinese people, I couldn’t let him quibble for himself and wash himself so easily. Therefore, I settled the way to take" with the pike of the son, offend the shield of the son", and kept going into with the knife the anti-argue; “the statements I provide is not only all the things of the past 9 years I have witnessed myself, but can be proved exactly, and the matter still is up to now easy to find it true. Particularly we are not mutually heard of, and no private gratitude and grudge of each other, so the testimony I made is only the fact at that time. At the moment I just want to ask a question, when Nanjing city occupied, where did you deposit your troop?" The man of the valley made the answer without thinking:" the day of sinking the Nanking, my army deposited at around zhonghua gate " I raised the sound specially, using the affirmative tone said:" That right! Because the 4 tragic cases I mentioned just now all were happened in one of zhonghua gate, exactly in the area that your troop was. Therefore, that is the bad doing you department behaved."

Go Shoufu started in fear and he appeal to speak again, he exculpated for himself:“but, I didn’t command my subordinations indulge in willful persecution Chinese people.”Then I interrogated him without mercy:“Don Go Shoufu, please let me ask you a question, after the Japanese army captured Nanjing city, did you command the order to release military discipline for 3 days? ”He stared and tongue-tied, he couldn’t say one word. After the Japanese army captured Nanjing city, the hundred thousands encountered being killed ghosts circling over his head. He just to bow his head and admit his crime and he was sentenced to death. Several days later, he was sent under escort to Yuhuatai execution ground to receive executed. The whole town turns out, nearly all of the citizens went out to the execution ground. The audience broke into rapturous appalause! From one side, Go Shoufu was executed, the big case of butcher of Nanjing came to an end for the time being. But, if the author wanted to narrate this unique astonished Chinese and foreigner bloodiness event in detail, this just was the begaining…

Red卍Organization Buried 43.123

Red Cross Buried 22.683

Chongshan hall Buried 112.267

Tongshan hall Buried 7.000

Hui folk bury group Buried 400

Sheng shichang Buried 28.000

Rui fanglu Buried 7.000

Gao guanwu Buried 3.000

Liu jianxiang Buried 3.240

Japanese Buried 90.000

As the story goes that Gu Shoufu’s sign on his execute command like a ghost’s draw emblem. We found these “ghost’s draw emblem” in Gu Shoufu’s things left after his death. This symbol was his unique mark sign. (Mark sign is a symbol of a person’s sign.) Certainly, there was another reason that was maybe he felt very fear when he signed his name on the command.

(Picture) (Right) There were 3 soldiers who sent Gushoufu to execution ground. One of them was the man who carried out the death penalty. We can found out the answer from the picture.

Gu Shoufu had to low his head to the irrefutable evidence, and in the ward, he wanted to left his last letter, and he wanted to write one poem to his wife Jingtengqingzi, and he wanted to sew a little bag to put his hair and his nails in it and sent to his wife. Taking on hair and nails as the memorial for Nunc Dimittis is Japanese tradition. Gu Shoufu requested the superintendent of the ward Wenrehua consent to his desire. According to humanism principal, Wenruihua answered his requests.

On April 26th, two judicial polices puts forward Gu Shoufu from the ward and took him to the room of supervise carrying out a death penalty. After the surveillance justice convened some people check up Gu Shoufu’s identity, he announced the execute command. And then he asked Gushoufu:“The war criminal Gu Shoufu! If you have some word to say, you can give the last narration.” Gu Shoufu said lowly, “In my left wind pocket, there is a little bag in which there were some of my hair, my nail and one poem. I beggar Mr. Justice post it to Fuji street53th Chongye distric Tokyo, Ms. Jingtengqingzi would accept. Let my hair and my nail come back to my hometown.”Then, Gu Shoufu sign his name on the command, but his sign was quite difficult to identify, like a ghost’s draw emblem.

(Right) The young Chinese soldier on the cover of Life published on May 16,1938

It was afforded for thought that one of the soldier to escort Gu Shoufu to executed ground, was very resemble to the Chinese young soldier on the cover of the Life published on May 16, 1938. (The Life published on May 16, 1938, disclosed the Nanjing Massacre for the first time. ) If you observe these two men, you would find that they were resembled very much in some aspects. The soldier in the above picture (In the middle picture) was the man carried out the death penalty. Certainly it just was the research suggestion brought forward by Yanling Science research room. The purpose was to carry on research for this sect of unknown history. This possibility was very high, and they wished discover more clues to this famous magazine cover. And for Gu Shoufu himself to say, it was so much satirical meaning.

The other two chief criminals in the same case of the 100 killing people competition, land forces middle assist general Xiangjing Meiming and Yetian Yi, and Tianzhon Junji who had killed 300 Chinese people, they were shot at the same time on January 28, 1948.

(Picture) On January 28^th in 1948, before been executed, Xiangjin Minming, Yetian Yi, and Tianzhong Junji hallooed: “Emperor Long Life”

(Right) The picture of the sword that Tianzhong Junji used it to had killed 300 Chinese.

The first criminal Songjing Shiken was gibbeted in Tokyo at 13 minutes past zero on December 23, 1948.

Dongtiao Yingji was gibbeted in Tokyo at zero o’clock ten minutes 30 second on the dawn of December 23 in 1948. He and Songjin shiken were the first war criminals, and Dongtiao Yingji was the main advocated for the the policy of “burn all,kill all, loot all” (once pursued by the Japanese invaders in China), the absolutely irreconcilable and deadly enemy against Chinese nation. He killed thousands of Chinese, but he was admitted posthumously as the “martyrdom hero” by Japanese government and was enshrined and worshiped in the 靖國神社 in Tokyo. The Japanese prime minister pays homage to it every year. The picture was a Sun Flag with Dongtiaoyingji’s subscription. On the left there was a Japanese general cap. These things were exhibited in the Yanling Science research room. Compared to the 靖國神社 in Tokyo, these things in my research room were the negative teaching material to disclose the Japanese government.

Execute Gu Soufu and his confederates, not in order to revenge, but the purpose was in order to give the earthling a profound meditate and alarm!

On August 15^th in 1945, Japan surrendered to China. American army occupied Japan, and Japan began to carry out the constitutional monarchy, Japanese emperor as the symbol of Japan left. And emperor Yuren because of this escaped from the fame of the war criminal and avoided the inquest. As the highest captain of the Japanese army, he was the real spirit in Japanese mind. Later, Yuren changed his appear many times, and posed himself as the marine-biologist. But he didn’t say any word to thousands of Japanese soldiers and citizen died in the war for him. During of the months before Yuren died, he suffered the disease wrench, and he died on the dawn of January 7^th in 1989, because of the intestines cancer. His son Mingren inherited his position, and change the 年號 Pingcheng. At the same time, Chaohe age ended. But until Yuren died, he did not make apologize for the war to China.

After about 10 years of the war criminals such as Gu Shoufu were executed, Japanese cultural department wanted to reverse the verdict and to write off this history, and until this day of 21^st century, Japanese government had never to acknowledge the historic fact that they had ever made the Nanjing butcher

Despite of this, the footmarks of the survivors from that massacre can prove for the history. And these footmarks will make those want to insult the history insult themselves!

More than ten years ago at the dusk, on the south bay dike of hao Chiang sea wind blew, seen to the west yang mountain, the glow of sunset of the top of hill reflected beautiful sea surface, such as a mirror ,suffused with the color of gold yellow wave. Being in the scene, the day on which we achieved the victory of anti-Japan came to my grandfather. I was a teenager then, but curious about that. So we sat on the long chair beside the bank, listened to my grandfather recalling his past.

The heads dropped to the ground, the bodies had a short period to tremble. At that time the lives of the person is not really equal to the dogs. It’s very subjective for the grape heads pleased to kill which man. Too terribly return to that memory. human life so poor as mire, on the street" Japanese " also very malicious, strangers being just wearing a piece of bright clothes, ending up with the life gone. Which can’t be really described out even using up all bamboos, and unruly conducts displayed constantly.

If not witness, you won’t describe them exactly! Look back now, things of the past, such as smoke, not feeling so many years has gone. My respected grandfather died a decade ago In September 1990, when I was in charge of the students association we had the column <cengjing> in the school, also strongly reporting the island of diaoyu fire ship affairs. The militarism like a ghost does not go away! A war to Japan makes China lose great, Mongolia becoming separate, the territory is no longer complete, we were divided badly by former Russia and no a whole country again.

When resettled the province boundary InMongolia was a relief. Can the republican be equal to the government of Qing? For all the unequal treaties in history, which one had so heavy lost like this? the inequality treaty didn’t exist only in history However more tragic was in December ,1937, when past capital city Nanking sank under the knife of the Japanese army , big slaughter of Nanking is the blood somber song of the China history .

Since that day Japanese began their slaughter as early as`77 incident `. When Nanking sank, the desire and glory of japanese army had the project and panned the unruly conduct, It didn’t happen by chance, or the task of individual. it is a strategy matter, with the very conduct to make China fear, forcing the domestic government to sign the treaty under its alliance, and ending the war as soon , letting group Wang ran off soon, which

beneficially to realise《 Tienchung play the plait 》 of part 2, conquering the Asia" big Asian total glory " of the continent. But the courage of China gave Japanese great surprise, with the heart: not free then die, with the backward equipment, long-handled sword and the body of the flesh and blood that to fight against big and excellent tank big gun of Japanese. In 5,000 years history it is the greatest war and not to be forgotten.

While with the head of Shintaro Ishihara, and some traitors to China base on the island of taiwan has started the war to defense the truth early then. “the personal does not want, not give to others” If we think :" the 廣島 exploding at first is a picture made out", the film is produced by big director 黑澤明, how would Japanese think? Don't know how docile Japanese will react! As the

American poet, Gorge sangtayana’s famous saying:" whoever forgot the past would destine to take the same disastrous road!”

Look on the history as the mirror, you can know the exchange of prosper and the downfall; in the same meaning, Look on some person as the mirror, you can see the gain and loss. ……I wish the lonely ghosts that dead in or out of Nanjing city peaceful and rest!

Here, we impawn for you that your grievance must be exonerate in deed one day.